دانلود مقاله ترجمه شده توسعه کروماتوگرافی مایع-اسپکترومتری جرمی

It all began in 1967 when Tal_rose in Moscow was doing mass spectrometry (MS) by obtaining ionization by directly injecting minute volumes of liquid into a vacuum system containing an open electron-impact source and pumping the solvent away (direct liquid introductionelectron impact, DLI-EI) [1]. This, according to Tom Covey at this year_s James L. Waters Symposium at PittCon 2010, marked the beginning of what he metaphorically described as the ‘‘Old World’’ of LC-MS history in which ionization occurred in vacuo [2]. The following year, Dole in Chicago observed charged particles emitted from electrospray and interpreted these results in terms of macromolecular ions from large polymers, but was unable to separate these ions in a mass spectrometer [3]. This initiated the ‘‘New World’’ of LC-MS history that accomplished ionization at atmospheric pressure. In the history of LC-MS, the divide between these two approaches would persist for nearly two decades until some explorers from the Old World finally sailed across this sea. When the Old World of vacuum-based ionization and the New World of atmospheric pressure ionization (API) finally came together, everything changed radically [2]. What kept them apart for two decades? The answer can be found in the history of the development this popular technology, as described by four men who were largely responsible for the development and the commercialization of LC-MS: William McFadden, Marvin Vestal, Jack Henion and Tom Covey