دانلود Genetic and genomic approaches to the detection of heart transplant rejection

Abstract

Since Christiaan Barnard performed the first heart transplant in 1967, over 100,000 heart transplants have been performed worldwide. As was true then, rejection remains the major threat to the function and survival  of  the  allograft.  The  development  of  the  endomyocardial  biopsy  as  a  means  to  monitor  for rejection has allowed heart transplantation to thrive as a therapy for patients with end-stage heart disease. The need for a noninvasive method of rejection surveillance led to the development of the first genetic test  for  allograft  rejection,  the  AlloMap®.  In  this  article,  after  presenting  the  pathological  and  clinical features  of  cardiac  allograft  rejection,  the  authors  discuss  the  development  and  application  of  gene-expression  testing  for  the  detection  of  cardiac  allograft  rejection.  We  then  explore  emerging  ‘omic’ approaches that will be the rejection detection methods of the future.