دانلود Project Managers Vs Operations Managers: A comparison based on the style of leadership

Abstract

Within  a  century  after  the  emergence  of   the  initial  theories in leadership area,  several  theories have  tried  to  explain  the  different  styles  of  leadership  and  the  extent  to which  leaders’  styles  can  affect  the overall success of the teams or the organizations being led by them. Regardless of the different ways in  which these theories explain and address the styles of leadership, two concepts of ‘task’ and ‘individual’ are focused by most of them. Leaders, depending on their personal traits, attitudes, and situational considerations may show different levels of concern for tasks and individuals. Also, the environment in which a leader operates may affect the leader’s concern for tasks or individuals. Project environments, regarding the temporary nature of project-based activities, basically differ from operational environments in several aspects. Consequently, leadership in project  environments  may  require  a  different  style  in  comparison  with  operational  environments.  The  current study has applied‘ concern  for  tasks’  and  ‘concern  for  individuals’  as  two  dependent  variables  to  make  a comparison  between  project  managers  and  operations  managers  based  on  the  style  of  leadership.  An  online survey in a global context helped us to collect data from 159 project managers and 171 operations managers. The  respondents  were  from  different  countries  and  various  disciplines.  The  collected  data  were  analyzed  in SPSS using ‘independent sample t-test’. The  results  of  the analysis  revealed  that  project  managers  in  general show a balanced concern for tasks and individuals, whereas operations managers have a high concern for tasks and a lower concern for individuals